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Do oil-free bearings really need no lubricants?
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Author:pmo55f6d8
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Published time: 2019-06-03
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Oil-free bearing is a new type of lubricating bearing which has both the characteristics of metal bearing and oil-free bearing. It is loaded by metal matrix and lubricated by special formulation of solid lubricating material.
It has the characteristics of high bearing capacity, impact resistance, high temperature resistance and strong self-lubrication. It is especially suitable for heavy load, low speed, reciprocating or swinging occasions where it is difficult to lubricate and form oil film, and it is also not afraid of erosion and erosion by water and other acid liquids.
It is widely used in metallurgical continuous caster, steel rolling equipment, mining machinery, ships, steam turbines, water turbines, injection moulding machines and equipment production line.
Oil-free bearings refer to bearings that can work normally without or without oil, rather than without oil at all.
Advantage
In order to reduce internal friction and wear of bearings and prevent burning and sticking, most bearings need to add lubricating oil to ensure that the bearings work smoothly and reliably, so as to prolong the fatigue life of bearings.
The environmental pollution caused by leakage is eliminated.
It is suitable for heavy load, low speed, reciprocating or swinging occasions which are difficult to lubricate and form oil film.
They are not afraid of erosion and erosion by water and other acid solutions.
Mosaic bearings not only save oil and energy, but also have longer working life than ordinary sliding bearings.
classification
Oil-free bearings mainly include gas-lubricated bearings, composite material-lubricated bearings, water-lubricated bearings and so on.
1. Gas lubricated bearings
Gas lubricated bearings are sliding bearings with gas as lubricant. The most commonly used gas lubricants are air. Nitrogen, argon, hydrogen, helium or carbon dioxide can also be used as required. The mechanism of gas-lubricated bearings forming bearing film is the same as that of liquid-lubricated bearings.
Gas lubricated bearings make use of gas transmission, diffusion, viscous and heat conductivity, adsorption and compressibility to form a complete gas film between friction pairs under the action of hydrodynamic pressure effect, hydrostatic pressure effect and extrusion effect, which has the function of supporting load and reducing friction.
In the process of friction, metal substrates bear most of the load. After friction, solid lubricants in holes or grooves transfer or reverse to the friction surface, forming a solid transfer film with good lubrication, firm adhesion and uniform coverage on the friction surface, which greatly reduces friction and wear.
At the same time, water has the advantages of non-pollution, wide source, safety and flame retardancy, and it is an ideal lubricating medium. It can also reduce the friction, wear, vibration, noise, non-functional consumption and other key issues of friction pairs.
Therefore, the research of Water-lubricated bearings has important theoretical research and application value for improving mechanical efficiency and protecting the environment, and has become a hot spot of concern in various countries.
4. Development Direction
The research of lubricating bearings involves mechanical design, tribology, material science, surface engineering, hydrodynamics, lubrication and sealing and other disciplines. It is a comprehensive scientific research project. At present, the research of oil-free bearings is mainly in the following aspects:
(1) Establishment of high and low friction theory based on various types of materials;
(2) Study on water-lubricated bearing materials with self-lubricating properties and good affinity with water;
(3) Study on Tribological Mechanism of Water Lubrication Based on surface engineering;
(4) The verification of theory requires very high test means.
5. Installation Notes
As with other bearings, some details should be paid attention to during the installation of oil-free bearings.
(1) Should determine whether there are collisions or protrusions on the mating surfaces of axle center and axle shell.
(2) Whether there is dust or casting sand attached to the bearing shell surface.
(3) Although it is a minor bump, protuberance, etc., if you have to use oil millstone or fine sandpaper to remove.
(4) In order to avoid collision during loading, a small amount of lubricating oil should be applied to the surface of axle and axle housing.
(5) The hardness of oil-free bearings should not exceed 100 degrees due to overheating.
(6) Oil-free bearing retainers and sealing plates are absolutely impossible.
It is widely used in metallurgical continuous caster, steel rolling equipment, mining machinery, ships, steam turbines, water turbines, injection moulding machines and equipment production line.
Oil-free bearings refer to bearings that can work normally without or without oil, rather than without oil at all.
Advantage
In order to reduce internal friction and wear of bearings and prevent burning and sticking, most bearings need to add lubricating oil to ensure that the bearings work smoothly and reliably, so as to prolong the fatigue life of bearings.
The environmental pollution caused by leakage is eliminated.
It is suitable for heavy load, low speed, reciprocating or swinging occasions which are difficult to lubricate and form oil film.
They are not afraid of erosion and erosion by water and other acid solutions.
Mosaic bearings not only save oil and energy, but also have longer working life than ordinary sliding bearings.
classification
Oil-free bearings mainly include gas-lubricated bearings, composite material-lubricated bearings, water-lubricated bearings and so on.
1. Gas lubricated bearings
Gas lubricated bearings are sliding bearings with gas as lubricant. The most commonly used gas lubricants are air. Nitrogen, argon, hydrogen, helium or carbon dioxide can also be used as required. The mechanism of gas-lubricated bearings forming bearing film is the same as that of liquid-lubricated bearings.
Gas lubricated bearings make use of gas transmission, diffusion, viscous and heat conductivity, adsorption and compressibility to form a complete gas film between friction pairs under the action of hydrodynamic pressure effect, hydrostatic pressure effect and extrusion effect, which has the function of supporting load and reducing friction.
Gas lubricated bearings are generally classified into three types: gas hydrodynamic bearings, gas hydrostatic bearings and gas extrusion bearings. Actual bearing lubrication often exists in the form of dynamic, static, dynamic, extrusion, static, extrusion and dynamic, static and extrusion mixed lubrication.
2. Composite Lubricated Bearings
Composite material used in composite lubricating bearings is a new kind of extreme pressure resistant solid lubricating material, which consists of metal base material and solid lubricant paste embedded in the hole or groove of the base material.In the process of friction, metal substrates bear most of the load. After friction, solid lubricants in holes or grooves transfer or reverse to the friction surface, forming a solid transfer film with good lubrication, firm adhesion and uniform coverage on the friction surface, which greatly reduces friction and wear.
With the progress of friction, the embedded solid lubricant is continuously provided on the friction surface, which ensures good lubrication of the friction pair in long-term operation.
3. Water-lubricated bearings
Water-lubricated bearings not only save a lot of oil, but also avoid the environmental pollution of traditional bearings with oil as lubricating medium.At the same time, water has the advantages of non-pollution, wide source, safety and flame retardancy, and it is an ideal lubricating medium. It can also reduce the friction, wear, vibration, noise, non-functional consumption and other key issues of friction pairs.
Therefore, the research of Water-lubricated bearings has important theoretical research and application value for improving mechanical efficiency and protecting the environment, and has become a hot spot of concern in various countries.
4. Development Direction
The research of lubricating bearings involves mechanical design, tribology, material science, surface engineering, hydrodynamics, lubrication and sealing and other disciplines. It is a comprehensive scientific research project. At present, the research of oil-free bearings is mainly in the following aspects:
(1) Establishment of high and low friction theory based on various types of materials;
(2) Study on water-lubricated bearing materials with self-lubricating properties and good affinity with water;
(3) Study on Tribological Mechanism of Water Lubrication Based on surface engineering;
(4) The verification of theory requires very high test means.
5. Installation Notes
As with other bearings, some details should be paid attention to during the installation of oil-free bearings.
(1) Should determine whether there are collisions or protrusions on the mating surfaces of axle center and axle shell.
(2) Whether there is dust or casting sand attached to the bearing shell surface.
(3) Although it is a minor bump, protuberance, etc., if you have to use oil millstone or fine sandpaper to remove.
(4) In order to avoid collision during loading, a small amount of lubricating oil should be applied to the surface of axle and axle housing.
(5) The hardness of oil-free bearings should not exceed 100 degrees due to overheating.
(6) Oil-free bearing retainers and sealing plates are absolutely impossible.
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